从加拿大的远程教育制度安排看开放大学的模式建构     

张亚斌  周宏  刘颖  赵生卉  张晓颖 《远程教育杂志》2011,29(2)

加拿大的各开放大学因为得益于联邦制的国家行政体制,所以在远程教育制度安排上,形成了与众不同的体制设计和运行机制,这样就为其构建"政府管理中的地方自治模式"、"独立办学中的因校制宜模式"、"教育教学中的团队合作模式"、"关照需求的人本化管理模式"、"强调效能的人性化教学模式"、"突出主体的个性化学习模式"等打下了很好的基础.加拿大各开放大学丰富多彩的远程教育校本发展模式给我们的启示是:只有立足国情、地情和校情,坚持独立办学,才能为开放大学远程教育模式建构,奠定成功的制度基础.  相似文献   

幼儿入园前教育形式的现实困境及创新策略     

李芳 《天津教育》2021,(11):175-176

目前,幼儿入园前教育形式主要有三种:家庭教育、机构教育和社区教育。但现实困境是,很多家庭的幼儿入园前未能较好地接受到任何一种形式的教育。对此,有一些可行的创新策略,分别为成立“社区活动小组”、邀请早教机构送教入小区、利用互联网共享优秀教育活动、依托附近幼儿园资源不定期举办亲子活动、社区提供亲子活动空间和人力参与互动等。  相似文献   

院校研究与学习分析     

常桐善 《高等工程教育研究》2021,(2):6-14

院校研究与学习分析在学习研究方面同异并存,皆利用大数据探寻学生学习的优劣。院校研究主要依赖大学的管理和调查数据,学习分析主要使用学习管理系统收集的数据。院校研究聚焦于帮助大学"知己知彼",学习分析旨在助力"知学生""知学习""知教育"。院校研究为学校层面决策提供实证研究证据,学习分析识别学生个体学习行为从而支持个性化学习。二者有效融合可互助互利,更全面挖掘教育特征,提升学生学习成果。院校研究可利用决策支持服务经验,倡导和组建学习分析治理体系,为学习分析整合数据、从事学习分析的实践人员提供技术和方法支持,利用学习分析结果推动全校性教学改革。学习分析是耗资昂贵的项目,实施大学层面学习分析须考虑的问题:院校研究组织智能可否提供有效学习分析支持?是否做好了通过学习分析进行教学变革的准备?是否制定了学习分析目标?如是,各层面的目标认知程度如何?  相似文献   

基于代码仓库的语言类计算机课程教学辅助平台     

陆柳敏  王庭  杨李婷  张卫丰 《教育技术导刊》2021,19(12):164-166

高校计算机类课程作业抄袭现象屡禁不止,加上作业进度跟踪困难、作业批改耗时、师生交流困难等因素,计算机类课程教师已无法通过作业准确评价学生的专业水准。使用代码仓库与持续集成技术,结合课程管理场景,设计了基于代码仓库的教学平台系统。该系统实现作业在线批注、自动审查及代码相似度检测等功能。在C语言计算机课程中应用,反馈结果良好,教学效率得到提高。  相似文献   

数据仓库元数据互操作性技术研究进展     

潘定  沈钧毅 《情报科学》2005,23(10):1595-1599

在数据仓库环境中，元数据互操作性是一个关键问题。本文对数据仓库中的元数据互操作性技术的研究、应用进行综述。讨论了元数据管理需求、体系结构模式，分析了元数据管理标准，详细讨论了存储库结构、交换方式、变更管理以及模型管理等元数据交换的关键实现技术，并指出进一步研究问题。  相似文献   

一种入侵容忍的资料库   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘海蛟  荆继武  林璟锵  杜皎 《中国科学院研究生院学报》2006,23(1):46-51

ARECA的设计保护了CA私钥的保密性，使ARECA能实时在线地为用户签发证书或撤销证书；但作为安全的在线CA，分发证书的资料库的安全也是关键问题。ARECA的资料库是入侵容忍的，通过将复制的服务器组织成分发屏蔽失效法定数目团体系统，能屏蔽良性失效或者被攻击者控制的服务器的行为，为用户提供正确的证书和证书撤销列表查询服务。异步通信条件下，n>3f个服务器组成的资料库能够容忍至多f个服务器同时失效。  相似文献   

Innovators and imitators: Organizational reference groups and adoption of organizational routines   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Silvia Massini  Arie Y. Lewin  Henrich R. Greve   《Research Policy》2005,34(10):1550-1569

Firms vary greatly in their rates of creating and adopting technological and organizational innovations, in part because of their choice of reference group. We argue that the selection of a reference group is a crucial and neglected source of firm heterogeneity. Comparisons to the average of other firms in a population cause most firms to adopt innovations once they are widely accepted. A distinctive feature of the minority of innovating firms that create innovations or adopt them early is that they compare themselves with, compete with, and try to differ from other innovating firms, whereas the majority of firms compare themselves with, and conform to, a broader group of firms. We elaborate this argument based on the behavioral theory of the firm and institutional theory, and test it on a two-period survey on adoptions of innovative organizational forms in Europe and the US. The analysis shows the predicted differences in the adoption patterns of innovating and imitating firms.  相似文献   

Environmental jolts, institutional change, and the creation of entrepreneurial opportunity in the US electric power industry   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Wesley D Sine  Robert J David 《Research Policy》2003,32(2):185-207

The relationship between institutional change and entrepreneurship is poorly understood. We build the theory in this area by tracing institutional change in the US electric power industry over a 40-year period. Our analysis shows that environmental jolts mobilize actors to reformulate institutions, resulting in increased entrepreneurial opportunity. When the institutional environment is stable, we find that incumbent organizational forms and embedded logics present formidable obstacles to entrepreneurial activity. Environmental jolts, however, catalyze search processes and motivate the evaluation of current institutional logics. Specifically, in the case of the electric power industry, environments of abundance and regulation resulted in homogeneity of organizational structures and strategies, and few entrepreneurial opportunities. Environments marked by scarcity and crisis, however, witnessed heavy scrutiny of existing institutional arrangements that eroded their taken-for-grantedness and symbolic value, resulting in opportunities for entrepreneurial action.  相似文献   

Convergence of national science and technology policies: the case of Finland   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Tarmo Lemola   《Research Policy》2002,31(8-9)

It is a commonly held view that differences in national histories, cultures, political contexts, and the timing of a country’s entry into the industrialization process are reflected as diversity among countries in their goals, priorities, boundaries, directions, ranges, instruments and also in the performance of science and technology policy. This article, which examines development processes of Finnish science and technology policy, concludes that instead of divergence there is such startling convergence of organizational forms and practices. Finland has largely adopted its policy doctrines and instruments from the countries, which from the Finnish perspective, have been considered legitimate and successful.  相似文献   

Dangerous liaisons: Reflections on a pilot project for state-mandated outcomes assessment of written communication     

Harry C.   《Assessing Writing》2008,13(1):26-44

This study details the development and results of a campus-based writing assessment plan that was mandated by a state-wide university system in order to explore the “value-added” from a writing program curriculum to undergraduate students’ competence with written expression. Four writing samples (two timed essays and two conventional essays) that are produced before, during and at the close of enrollment in the writing program are scored for critical thinking, genre knowledge, rhetorical skills, and mechanics. The results indicate that local campus student achievement related to writing is comparable with performance captured by nationally normed technologies and larger assessment projects at similar state universities. The data also suggest significant performance difference related to the institutional position of students’ instructors as well as students’ own enrollment status. The article concludes that while the data produced by this research project are compelling, the policy and political implications of the undertaking suggest greater sensitivity to the institution's culture and program direction as well as its impact on instructor morale, student learning environment and the place of composition studies in the university.  相似文献